Bicycles have multiple gears so so you can climb a hill
or keep a steady speed on a flat surface

No worries, really it's easy .

First, let's get our terms straight so we're on the same page

You can think of gears as the same thing as speeds -- a bike with 21 gears is an 21-speed bike. Bikes generally have 1, 3, 10, 15, 18, 20, 21,24or 27 speeds. Aaahhhhh, that sounds to many gears for me, wait it's not, follow me.

Low numbers are the low gears, and high numbers are the high gears. First gear is a low gear. Twenty-first gear is a high gear. That's easy, right?

Try it this way the lower the number the easier it will be to pedal. Your left shifter operates your front chain rings (major transition side) and right shifter operates your rear chainrings (minor transition side).

Shifting means going from one gear to another.

• Grip shifters you twist to change gears.
• Trigger shifters you operate with your finger and thumb.
• Friction shifters, old school, pull lever or push lever.

Downshifting means going to a lower gear, and upshifting means going to a higher gear. You can also say shift down and shift up.

How do I tell what numbers my gears are?

If your bike has three speeds then telling the gears apart is easy, because there's only one shifter and it's labeled 1-2-3. You can skip the rest of this section and go on to the next one.

But if your bike has 10 or more speeds then it's just a little bit trickier, because you have two shifters....Let's say you have an 24-speed bike. Your left shifter will be labeled 1-2-3, and your right shifter will be labeled 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. This means that for each number on the left, you get eight different speeds on the right, for a total of 24. Here's how it works:

GREEN color represent good gears cobinations.

RED color represent bad gears cobinations.

1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3
Left Shifter (Front Ring Set) EASY GEAR			Left Shifter (Front Ring Set) FLATLAND GEAR			Left Shifter (Front Ring Set) SPEED GEAR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Right Shifter (Rear Ring Set)			1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Right Shifter (Rear Ring Set)			1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Right Shifter (Rear Ring Set)

 

This dosn't mean you can't get into those gears but if and when you do you will hear a lot of chain chatter and you will wear your chain prematurly.

Shifting puts the chain on a different ring. The left shifter changes the ring where the pedals are located. The smallest ring is 1, the middle ring is 2, and the biggest ring is 3. When you downshift with your left shifter, you're moving to a smaller ring.

The right shifter changes the ring on the rear wheel. This is opposite of the front set: On the rear wheel the biggest ring is 1, and the largest ring may be 7-8 or 9 speed.

You don't have to worry about the ring sizes if you don't want to, you can just look at the numbers on the shifter. You can downshift with either shifter, moving it from a higher number to a smaller number. You get a bigger change when you shift with the left-hand shifter than when you shift with the right-hand shifter.

Now that you know what the terms mean, let's see how to use our gears

Here's pretty much all you need to know about shifting gears:

• If you're going uphill and it's too difficult, shift down (little ring in front or big ring in back).
• If your legs are spinning the pedals way too fast (it's too "easy") then shift up (Middle or big ring in front or smaller ring in back).

That was easy.

Here it is with more detail:

Let's say you're on a three-speed bike, in second speed. You start to go up a hill, and suddenly your legs can't spin the pedals as fast. You're barely turning the pedals, pushing hard on them, and you're going so slowly you think you might fall over. The solution? Downshift to first gear.

How does that solve the problem? First gear moves you a shorter distance for each spin of the pedals, which makes it easier to pedal.

Now let's say you've reached the top of the hill, and you start going downhill slightly. Soon you find there's no resistance in the pedals -- you can spin them as fast as you want and you're not really getting anywhere. Solution? Upshift back to 2, and if it's still too easy, then upshift to 3.

This works because the higher gears move you farther for each spin of the pedals, making you do more "work", and making it less "easy".

Advanced gearing

So you've learned the basics: Uphill = shift down, Downhill = shift up. But you have an 24-speed bike and you're wondering which shifter to use, the left one or the right one?

The answer depends on how much change you need. If you need a big change, use your left shifter. If you need a small change, use the right one. As you ride you'll get a feel for whether you need a big change or a small change.

Another thing: Try to keep the chain in a sort-of straight line between the front and rear sets, rather than going at an angle from left to right. For example, in the very lowest gear the chain will be all the way on the left on both sets. In the very highest gear the chain will be all the way on the right. What you don't want to do is to use the left-hand ring in the front and the right-hand ring in the back, which makes the chain go diagonally -- that stretches the chain and wears it out. You also don't want to use the right-hand ring in the front and the left-hand ring in the back. Same thing.

If you're in the easiest gear (left-hand on both rings) and you need to upshift, and you've moved the chain on the rear set to the middle, and that's not enough and you still need to upshift, don't keep shifting the rear set. Instead, shift the front set from the left to the middle (1 to 2). That keeps your chain nice and straight.

Let's have another look at our gearing chart. The GREEN boxes are the combinations you'll use, and the RED ones are the combos you'll avoid.

1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3
Left Shifter (Front Ring Set) EASY GEAR			Left Shifter (Front Ring Set) FLATLAND GEAR			Left Shifter (Front Ring Set) SPEED GEAR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Right Shifter (Rear Ring Set)			1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Right Shifter (Rear Ring Set)			1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Right Shifter (Rear Ring Set)

So yes, you won't use every gear available to you. You're not supposed to. When you get an 24-speed bike vs. a 15-speed bike, the point isn't really that you get more gears to use, it's to give you a wider range -- the lower gears will be lower (easier to pedal up hills) and the higher gears will be higher (take you farther on one spin when you're going downhill).

I hope this helps, and have fun with your gearing!